Dr. Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer
Bihar Institute of Public Administration & Rural Development, India
Title: Sustainable Geographic Perspectives on Climate Change and Control in Urban and Rural Environments
Abstract:
“Climate”
can be defined as the prevailing or average weather of a place as determined by
temperature, precipitation, wind rose, glaciation, frequency of inversion,
extreme weather events such as cyclones, tornadoes, cloud burst, typhoons, and
hurricanes and environmental quality such as air, water and land quality. Long
term variations in average temperature are the most important variables and
attributes of climate change.
Change in weather conditions occur in
an area over a long period of time such as temperature, humidity, dew point,
pressure, volume, wind rose, air movement, photo chemical smog and sunlight
energy (photo energy) due to biogenic and anthropogenic activities. Climate change
is an evolution in the degree of certainty by biogenic and anthropogenic
activities in causing the past half century’s rapid rise of 1.1℃ in global average surface temperature of 14.9 ℃ from 13.8 ℃ , and
climate sensitivity factor of 0.5 ℃ / W/m2 and net radiating force
of 0.9-1.7 W/m2 , since
mid-twentieth century is due to the observed increase in biogenic and anthropogenic
greenhouse gas concentrations, the Antarctic and Greenland ice cores, sea floor
sediments, glacial movements, changes in ice volume and sea volume and fossil
pollen microorganisms. Global warming is the most important environmental
challenge for the twenty first century. The climate change and control can be
defined as the power to limit and regulate climate change as per sustainable
environmental pollution and control standards. The ‘greenhouse effect’ is one
of the environmental problems that have resulted either directly or indirectly
from the biogenic and anthropogenic activities. The role of the human
population on social and environmental change is given by the equation. I = P X
A X T where the impact ‘I’ of the population on the social and environmental
results from the size of the population (P) , the per capita affluence or
consumption (A) and the environmental damage
by the technologies (T) employed to supply each unit of consumption . As ‘P’ increases so
too does ‘T’ because supplied to additional people that must be mined from
deeper ores, pumped from deeper deposits, transportation further. The per
Capita consumption of energy in a nation can be used as a surrogate for the A X
T part of from clearing forests for agriculture to mining, industrial,
manufacturing, sanitation, road building and extraction of fossil fuels. The
magnitude of greenhouse effect of earth is Ts minus Te, where Ts is actual
surface temperature of earth (288 K) and the Te is the earth’s “effective and
efficient” blackbody radiation temperature of minus 19 ℃ (254 K) . The
greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon due to biogenic and anthropogenic
sources of a number of gases and aerosols that is responsible for earth having
an average surface temperature 34℃ warmer that is 288 K Versus 254 K that it
would have if it did not have radiatively active gases and aerosols in the atmosphere.
As every doubling of logarithmic emission function and process of CO2 in to the atmosphere, the global warming surface temperature goes up of 3 ℃ ,
climate sensitivity factor 1 ℃ / W/m2 and net radiating force 2-4 W/m2.
It is important to necessary to conduct climate impact assessment (CIA)
process to systematically identify and evaluate potential impacts (effects),
risks and options for adaptation resilience and mitigation of biogenic and
anthropogenic climate change and document as climate research and development (
R &D) papers. Three of the most
significant terms of CIA process are “climate inventory,” “climate impact
assessment”, and “climate impact statement”.
The
past three decades have been characterised by passage of the Environmental
(Protection) Act (EPA) including Acts on control of water and air pollution,
solid- and -hazardous waste management, resource protection and soil and
groundwater remediation. In addition to EPA, the community strategies were adopted
for sustainable development to address climate change, acidification, and air quality
, protection of nature and biodiversity , management of water resources , the
urban and rural environment , coastal zones and waste management . It is to be ensured that the balanced planning
and decision-making process needed regarding the sustainable environmental and
climate development in the public interest.
Project planning and decision-making
process should include the integrated consideration of technical, economic,
environmental, social and climate and other factors. The most of important of
these considerations can be referred to as “three E s ” (Engineering or
technical, Economics, and Environment ” in project planning and decision making
process. Prior to environmental impact assessment (EIA) process or “Magna Carta
for the Environment” , Engineering or technical and economic factors can be
referred to as “ two E s ” dominated
the project planning and decision-making
process. Traditional organizations
typically management according to the functions in vertical organizational
charts. However, when interactions and interrelations occur among parts of a
systems that is among functions and departments it is required to manage as per
process in horizontal organization charts. A system of profound knowledge
provides efficient organizational planning and decision-making process for the
management of parts in isolation and process of cross functional boundaries
including optimization of climate change process that is fulfil our common goal
or vision of integration of development and environment. “Climate Impact
Assessment” (CIA) process. CIA
process can be defined the systematic identification and evaluation of the
potential impacts (effects) of proposed projects, plans, programs, or
legislation actions relative to the physical-chemical, biological, cultural and
socioeconomic components of the total environment and climate. The primary
purpose of the CIA process, is to encourage the consideration of the
environment and climate factors in planning and decision-making process and to
arrive at actions which are environmentally and climate wise compatible. The
climate health impacts of projects, programs, plans, polices, or legislative
actions should be considered in the decision-making process because of the
importance of these concerns, particularly post COVID world, a climate health
impact assessment (CHIA) process is proposed. For certain types of projects
such as biogenic plants and nuclear power plants, it may be necessary to
address psychological impacts and damages of mental health on human, animals
and plants. The emphasis is to given
in conduction of primary, secondary and tertiary climate impact studies on the
physical-chemical and biological climate (natural or biophysical climate environment)
and cultural and socioeconomic environment (man-made climate environment). The global agreements that were adopted on
various key issues such as climate change, biodiversity, tropical forests, and
sustainable development, Viz., Law of the Seas (1954), Stockholm Declaration (1972),
Montreal Protocol (1987), Kyoto Protocol (1987), Rio declaration (1992) and The
Paris Agreement (2015).
Biography:
IYER Vijayan Gurumurthy, b. 13 March 1965,
Mayuram, India. Faculty, (Climate Change), Bihar Institute of Public
Administration & Rural Development, BIPARD, Patna/ Gaya ; Professional
Engineer and Doctor and Proprietor of Dr.Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer
Techno-Economic-Environmental Study and Check Consultancy Services , GSTIN/UIN
: 33AIZPG9735D1ZW, m. Shanthi. s. Venkatramanan, Education: Diploma, Mechanical
Engineering, 1982; Diploma, Production Management, Annamalai University, 1988;
Post Diploma, Automobile Engineering, Victoria Jubilee Technical Institute,
Mumbai, 1992; AMIE, Mechanical Engineering, Institution of Engineers, India,
1990; Bachelor’s General Law , B.G.L., Annamalai University, 1993, Master’s,
1997, PhD, 2003, Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian School of Mines
University, Dhanbad; Post-doctoral Researcher, World Scientific and Engineering
Academy and Society, Greece, 2006; Post-doctoral Elaborated & SI , World
Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society, Greece, 2011; Doctorate of
Science and Engineering, 2010; Doctorate of Letters, 2017, Doctorate of Law ,
2011, The Yorker International University, Italy, 2011, Honorary Doctorate of
Literature, 2017; Master of Arts, 2014 , International Biographical Centre,
Cambridge, Great Britain; Master Diploma with honour in Literature, 2012; The
Letter of the Law, World Academy of Letters, ABI, 2010. Appointments:
Supervisor , Indo-Matsushita Carbon Company Limited , Tada , ACE CBE, 1982-;
Technical Officer, Indian Council of Agricultural Research Service, Central
Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, 1985-; Central Institute for
Research on Cotton Technology, -1998; Professor, Hindustan College of Engineering,
Rajalakshmi Engineering College, MNM Jain Engineering College; Professor, Dr M
G R University, Chennai, -2006; Principal, Prince Dr K Vasudevan College of
Engineering and Technology, Chennai, -2011;Diploma in Entrepreneurship and
Business Management Counsellor and
Co-ordinator , Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India,2007-; Professor Haramaya University, Ethiopia, East Africa, 2014-; Prof. in Civil
Engg. and Dean , Narasaraopeta
Engineering College Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University-K,-2017;
Professor, KLEF University , Vadeswaram, -2018; Principal on Ad hoc , Central
Reserve Police Force (CRPF) Integrated Technical Institute, Chennai, 2019; P.E.
, ECI 2020.Guest Lecturer University of Madras -2021. Principal, Arunai
Engineering College -2022. Faculty, (Climate Change), Bihar Institute of Public
Administration & Rural Development, BIPARD, Patna/ Gaya 2023-. Publications and Praxis: Over 415 SCI
/ ISI indexed publications, 60 multilingual e.Books , Index Scopus(16),Sabinet(65), and Web of Science
(WoS)(30) indexed publications of high quality in the last thirty seven years in the field of
environmental science and mechanical engineering and technical education and
training extension , impaction , 60 in journals, 103 e.book chapters, 100
digital flip books ISSUU and SCRIBD, Editor of fifteen Books series . Over 2000 citations; Over 600
citation indexed database in CPCI, Web of Science, Scopus, Index Copernicus ; Worldcat;
; h.index 50; Plenary Invited Lectures
in Shanghai , Keynote Speaker-I, China-Beijing Municipality, 2021-; .Athens- Gr.;
Bangkok-Thailand; Haramaya, East Africa. Editorial Board Member & Reviewer:
DStech Publications Inc., Atlantis Press-Springer Nature ,World Journal of Textile
Engineering and Technology, IOPScience Publishing , Journal of Environmental and Waste
Management, David Publishing Company, World Scientific Engineering Academy and
Society(WSEAS) publications and American Society for Agricultural and
Biological Engineers Journals, Honours: Kendriya Sachivalaya Hindi Parishad,
1988; Bharat Jyothi, 2000; Prominent citizens of India and Best Citizen of
India, 2001; Rashtriya Ratna, 2001; NCERT Special Education Award, 2003;
Rashtriya Gaurav, 2004, 2010; Tamil Nadu Government Best Environmental Research
Essay Award, 2005; PDF Award, 2006; Reviewer ASDF, Sr.Reviewer Sina,World Biographical Hall of Fame,
Dictionary of International Biography, 2012, 2000 Intellectuals of the 21st
Century, 2011; Great Minds of the 21st Century, 2012; Enlistee in Marquis Who’s Who LLC in
Asia,2007, 1 st Edition ; Who’s Who in Asia,2012, 2 nd Ed; Who’s Who in Science and Engineering
-2016-2017,12 th Ed; Who’s Who in Science and Engineering -2011-2012, 11 th Ed;
Who’s Who in the World- 2016 , 33 rd Ed;, -2015, 33 nd Ed; - 2014 , 31 st Ed; -
2013, 30 th Ed; - 2012, 29 th Ed; - 2011,28 th Ed.; - 2010, 27 th Ed.; -
2009,26 th Ed; -2008, 25 th Ed, 2023 . Who
was Who in America 1985-Present, Registered Valuer Plant and Machineries;
Competent Person under Factories Act, Certified Professional Manager and
Honorary Doctorate Degree in Public Administration, Africa Institute of Public Administration
(Ghana) ; Registered Engineer Grade-I/Licensed Surveyor Class-I Greater Chennai
Corporation, Chartered Engineer, Licensed Surveyor, Arbitration Engineer, Professional
Engineer and Manager . Memberships: International Society of Development and
Sustainability; American Assn. for the Advancement of Science, Indian Society
for Technical Education; Aeronautical Society of India; Bioinformatics
Institute of India; Mining Engineers’ Association of India; Assn. of
Scientists, Developers and Faculties. Indian Society for Training and
Development; Fellow: Institution of Engineers, India;
Institution of
Valuers, India; Textile Assn, India; All India Management Assn, International
Society for Research and Dev. , Bioinfo Publications, American Chemical Society. Address: A-2/31
III Floor, Kendhriya Vihar 2, Poovai Road,Paruthipattu,Avadi,Chennai-71,India,
M: +919444812401 Telephone:+914429560473 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2443-6573
E-mails:vijayaniyergurumurthy@hotmail.com , vijayaniyergurumurthy@gmail.com,
vijayaniyergurumurthy@rediffmail.com
URL: https://issuu.com/vijayangurumurthyiyer