Biodiesel is popularly known as an alternative diesel fuel in developed countries mainly for the transportation and agriculture industry. Nowadays, biodiesel has become more important due to insufficient petroleum fuel and the need for environmentally friendly energy sources. Biodiesel's physical properties are nearly the same as those of petroleum diesel, but it is a cleaner-burning alternative. Biodiesel consists of long-chain alkyl esters which are typically made by chemically reacting lipids with an alcohol-producing fatty acid ester. The high price of crude petroleum oil has made biodiesel more favourable in the market. Methanol was chosen as an alcohol solvent because its price is cheaper compared to other types of alcohol. In the transesterification process, the triglycerides will react with methanol to form esters and a by-product glycerol. Biodiesel produced from vegetable oil and alcohol commonly through the process of transesterification has become the most reliable biofuel that is widely used in the world today. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) prepared by transesterification process using heterogeneous catalyst has received a lot of interest lately as a sustainable and reliable source of biofuel. Apart from that, palm oil, being the world’s cheapest edible oil has the economic potential to become the source of FAME. The reaction kinetic model for biodiesel has been developed in the past years with the limitation of specific reactions for each model. There is a need to study and obtain a generalized reaction kinetic model that can be used for all the reactions involved in biodiesel production. In this project, biodiesel is produced by transesterification of palm oil using magnetic biochar palm kernel shell-sodium hydroxide. During this, the temperature range used is fixed at room temperature of 25ºC, oil to molar ratio (6:1) and the time that be conducted is around 180 minutes. 

She is currently a Lecturer at Universiti Teknologi Brunei (UTB), where she also serves as the Deputy Program Leader for Petroleum and Chemical Engineering. Also, Dr. Tan Yie Hua is a Chartered Engineer (CEng) of IChemE. With an h-index of 27 (SCOPUS), Dr. Tan Yie Hua is listed among the Top 2% Scientists in the World by Stanford University for 2023 and 2024. She received RM 9.8 million in research funding and earned numerous awards, including the Malaysia Technology Expo Gold Award (2023) and Innovation and Technology Expo Gold Award (2022). Dr Tan Yie Hua specializes in sustainable energy, green technologies, and waste management.