Proteins serve as fundamental biomolecules orchestrating most biological processes and molecular functions within human physiology. Pathological deviations in protein abundance, post-translational modifications, subcellular localization, and interaction networks are intimately associated with disease pathogenesis and progression. In the post-genomic era, proteomics has emerged over the past two decades as a transformative technology driving advancements across life sciences. Within medical research, this discipline has become instrumental in enabling early disease prediction and accurate diagnosis, facilitating drug development pipelines, and advancing precision therapeutic strategies. In the keynote presentation "Proteomics-Driven Target Identification and Drug Discovery", Professor Lei Fang of Nanjing University will showcase paradigm-shifting applications of proteomic technologies. The lecture will emphasize their pivotal role in 1) identifying novel therapeutic targets for human disorders, 2) deciphering complex disease mechanisms at molecular resolution, and 3) pioneering innovative pharmaceutical interventions. This interdisciplinary discourse aims to synergize cutting-edge proteomic methodologies with contemporary medical research frameworks, thereby catalyzing collaborative innovation among life science investigators, proteomics specialists, and clinical experts. Through such multidimensional integration, the presentation ultimately seeks to expedite the translation of proteomic discoveries into tangible advancements for human disease research and therapeutic development.